The Palo Alto History Project
The Barron Mansion Fire
                                                                              
                                                                                                              La Selva Drive
The Barron Mansion Fire: Red-Hot Resentment

As the City of Palo Alto grew during the 1940s, ‘50s, and ‘60s, it began to annex the land to its south.  The
hotel area along old Highway 101 (now El Camino) and the neighborhoods south of Oregon Avenue
became new Palo Alto acquisitions.  But countrified Barron Park continued to hold out, voting down
annexation a half dozen times during these years.  Eventually Palo Alto took so much land nearby that it
produced the cartographic oddity of Barron Park as a literal island of resistance to Palo Alto City Hall.  
Why was Barron Park so set against becoming a Palo Alto neighborhood?   Much of the animosity dated
back to 1936 when an enormous fire burned down the largest house in Barron Park and the Palo Alto Fire
Department refused to help.

The Barron Mansion in Barron Park had been the pride of the neighborhood for many years.  Originally
constructed in 1857 at Mayfield Farm, it had served as a mansion for Sarah Wallis, one of the most
prominent suffragettes in California.  In 1878 it was sold to Edward Barron, the mining company executive.  
He added a locally famed octagonal fourth-floor cupola, as well as an enormous two storied west wing.  The
house also had two dining rooms, a billiards room, a two story back wing for servants and a wide central
staircase that welcomed visitors into the interior of the Victorian mansion.  By 1936, the 26 room building
had begun a new life as the Interdale School for Boys.  

But in the late afternoon of November 29th, 1936, a fire began in one of the towers of the 80 year-old
wooden house that would change Barron Park forever.  While the cause of the blaze has long remained a
mystery, electrical wiring was the likely culprit.  Writer Joaquin Vienna first saw smoke pouring out of an
upper-floor window while driving down the Interstate, he turned into the estate, ran into the building and
called the fire in to three local fire departments.  

Soon, fire crews from Redwood City, Menlo Park, San Mateo, County headquarters, and Moffett Naval
Air Station were all racing toward the burning house.  But it would be the reaction of the nearby Palo Alto
Fire Department which would linger in the memories of Barron Park residents for decades.

Upon strict orders from the City Council, Palo Alto firefighters were not allowed to cross into other cities to
fight fires because they might not be covered by insurance.

Although the nearest station to the fire was less than a mile away in Palo Alto, the fire crew there would only
bring their trucks up to the end of the city line.  Stopping at the border, 100 feet south of Wilton Avenue and
El Camino Real, the Palo Alto firemen watched and waited.  Meanwhile, Menlo Park and Redwood City
crews, having to travel 7 to 9 miles further through crowded Sunday traffic, crossed over the borders and
finally reached the locale.

By the time they did, they found a ferocious raging fire that had begun to eat up the wooden structure.  
Menlo Park Chief Thomas Cuff took charge, but there was little the firefighters could do at that point, but try
to save nearby houses.  Furthermore, they could not locate a fire hydrant.  Eventually they tore down fences
and used a nearby recreational swimming pool in what would be an unsuccessful attempt to save the house.  
During the futile battle, two county firemen nearly plunged into the burning building when they lost their
footing on a ledge while directing a stream of water.  No one was hurt in the fire, but despite the valiant
efforts of the various fire departments, the mansion was totally lost.

In the days following the fire, heavy criticism was laid on the Palo Alto department and bad feelings
continued to linger for decades.  Typical were the statements of one older resident speaking to Barron Park
historian Douglas Graham in recent years, “They only were there to keep the fire from spreading into Palo
Alto --- they didn't give a damn what happened in Barron Park"

Barron Park gas station owner Joe Weiler agreed, “Unfortunately and I hate to say this, Palo Alto was
called and they didn't respond. They did come to the end of the city limits with one of their units...and just sat
there. They wouldn't answer the call because they wouldn't go out of their district in those days. A lot of
people were very upset at Palo Alto and still are today---the older people…still remember some of these
things [as well as] the children of these people who have heard their parents talk about it."

Such resentment had a big effect on Barron Park’s future.  When the annexation debate was raised in 1947,
there was still a great deal of resentment from Barron Park residents toward Palo Alto.  Despite support for
annexation from the School Board and City Staff, Barron Parkers voted 338 to 261 to remain separate from
Palo Alto.  By 1949, Barron Park had formed their own volunteer fire department and did not become a
part of Palo Alto until newer, younger residents voted for annexation in 1975.
                                                                                                                     -Matt Bowling
A plaque marking the
"Homesite of Sarah Wallis"
The Barron Park Fire District
was one result of the Barron
Mansion fire
Palo Alto Home Page
South Palo Alto
According to Doug Graham,
the walls forming the garage at
this house at 3878 Magnolia
Drive are the same walls that
once formed the pool the
firefighters used to fight the
blaze at the Barron Mansion.
Historical Events
A map of Barron Park
(PA Weekly)
Palo Alto: Then & Now
2007
circa
1945
The map below shows the El Camino Strip
circa
1900
Above left, the monumental Barron Mansion around the turn of the century.  The Victorian
house featured three two story high gables on the second and third floor facades.  The octagonal
fourth-floor cupola could be seen from Highway 101 (now El Camino Real). All traces of the
Mansion are now gone save a few trees that were planted in the era and a historical landmark that
notes the former location of the house.  
The mansion from
another angle
Palo Alto Memory Bank
Do you have memories or stories
of the Barron Park Fire?  Post
them in our memory bank.  
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Sources:
Palo Alto Historical Association, Palo Alto Times, San Mateo Times,
Doug Graham and Barron Park Association